患者教育
责任编辑
Kelly Crowley
- Director, Patient Education Content – UpToDate
Kathryn A Martin, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Endocrinology and Patient Education
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Authors and Editors for The Basics
责任主编
Carrie Armsby, MD, MPH
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Pediatrics
- University of Massachusetts School of Medicine
Elinor L Baron, MD, DTMH
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine
Vanessa A Barss, MD, FACOG
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health
- Associate Clinical Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
- Harvard Medical School
Allyson Bloom, MD
- Director, Editorial Training — UpToDate
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Milana Bogorodskaya, MD
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Physician
- AllinaHealth
Sheila Bond, MD
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Alana Chakrabarti, MD
- Deputy Editor — Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health
Wenliang Chen, MD, PhD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — General Surgery
Kathryn A Collins, MD, PhD, FACS
- Deputy Editor — General Surgery
Rebecca F Connor, MD
- Director, Editorial Quality — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Hematology
Rosamaria Corona, MD, DSc
- Deputy Editor — Dermatology
Kelly Crowley
- Director, Patient Education Content – UpToDate
Marianna Crowley, MD
- Deputy Editor — Anesthesiology
- Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
- Harvard Medical School
Monica Ramirez Curtis, MD, MPH
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Rheumatology
- Instructor of Medicine, Part-time
- Harvard Medical School
Todd F Dardas, MD, MS
- Deputy Editor — Cardiology
- Clinical Associate Professor
- University of Washington
John F Dashe, MD, PhD
- Deputy Editor — Neurology
- Assistant Professor of Neurology
- Boston University School of Medicine
Kristen Eckler, MD, FACOG
- Deputy Editor — Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health
- Lecturer, Massachusetts General Hospital
April F Eichler, MD, MPH
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Neurology and Sleep Medicine
- Assistant Professor of Neurology
- Harvard Medical School
Anna M Feldweg, MD
- Director, Editorial Management — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Allergy and Immunology
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Part-time
- Harvard Medical School
Geraldine Finlay, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Associate Professor
- Tufts University School of Medicine
John P Forman, MD, MSc
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Nephrology
- Associate Physician, Division of Kidney Medicine
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Michael Friedman, MD
- Deputy Editor — Psychiatry
Jane Givens, MD, MSCE
- Deputy Editor — Primary Care (Adult)
Richard P Goddeau, Jr, DO, FAHA
- Deputy Editor — Neurology
- Associate Professor of Neurology
- University of Massachusetts Medical School
Jonathan Grayzel, MD, FAAEM
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Emergency Medicine (Adult and Pediatric)
- Deputy Editor — Primary Care Sports Medicine (Adolescents and Adults)
- Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine
- University of Massachusetts Medical School
Shilpa Grover, MD, MPH, AGAF
- Senior Deputy Editor — Gastroenterology/Hepatology
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Part-time
- Harvard Medical School
Keri K Hall, MD, MS
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
Helen Hollingsworth, MD
- Deputy Editor — Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- Boston University School of Medicine
Alison G Hoppin, MD
- Deputy Editor — UpToDate, Pediatrics
Melanie S Kim, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Pediatrics
- Boston University School of Medicine
Lisa Kunins, MD
- Deputy Editor — Primary Care (Adult)
Albert Q Lam, MD
- Deputy Editor — Nephrology
Kathryn A Martin, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Endocrinology and Patient Education
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Sylvia McKean, MD
- Deputy Editor — Editorial Projects
- Associate Professor
- Harvard Medical School
Jennifer Mitty, MD, MPH
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Jean E Mulder, MD
- Director of Editorial Projects — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Endocrinology and Diabetes
- Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Nancy A Nussmeier, MD, FAHA
- Deputy Editor — Anesthesiology
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine
- Massachusetts General Hospital
Abena O Ofori, MD
- Deputy Editor — Dermatology
- Clinical Associate, Dermatology
- Massachusetts General Hospital
Nisha Parikh, MD, MPH
- Deputy Editor — Cardiology
- Associate Professor, University of California, San Francisco
Kristen M Robson, MD, MBA, FACG
- Deputy Editor — Gastroenterology/Hepatology
- Assistant Professor
- Tufts University School of Medicine
Paul L Romain, MD
- Deputy Editor — Rheumatology
- Corresponding Member of the Faculty of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Alan G Rosmarin, MD
- Deputy Editor — Hematology
- Professor of Medicine
- University of Massachusetts Medical School
Diane MF Savarese, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Oncology and Palliative Care
- Clinical Instructor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Sonali Shah, MD
- Deputy Editor — Oncology
- Medical Oncologist and Hematologist
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
H Nancy Sokol, MD
- Co-Director of Editorial Projects — UpToDate
David Solomon, MD
- Deputy Editor — Psychiatry
- Clinical Associate Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
- Brown University School of Medicine
Alyssa Sterling, PharmD, BCPS
- Senior Content Management Consultant — Drug Information
Elizabeth TePas, MD, MS
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Allergy and Immunology
- Deputy Editor — Pediatrics
- Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Jennifer S Tirnauer, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Hematology
Mary M Torchia, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Pediatrics
Anne C Travis, MD, MSc, FACG, AGAF
- Deputy Editor — Gastroenterology/Hepatology
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Part-time
- Harvard Medical School
Sadhna R Vora, MD
- Senior Physician Editor — UpToDate
- Physician Editor — Oncology
- Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
James F Wiley, II, MD, MPH
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Adult and Pediatric Emergency Medicine
- Deputy Editor — Primary Care Sports Medicine (Adolescents and Adults)
- Clinical Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine/Traumatology
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine
Janet L Wilterdink, MD
- Director, Evidence-Based Medicine — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Neurology
- Clinical Associate Professor
- Brown University School of Medicine
Susan B Yeon, MD, JD, FACC
- Deputy Editor — Cardiovascular Medicine
Jonathan M Zand, PharmD BCPS
- Senior Associate Editor – Drug Information
Past Contributors
Julie Corliss
- Contributing Writer – Patient Education
Deborah A Elbaum, MD
- Contributing Writer – Patient Education
Genevieve J Long, PhD
- Contributing Writer – Patient Education
Constanza Villalba, PhD
- Contributing Writer – Patient Education
- Former Senior Associate Editor – Patient Education
Authors and Editors for Beyond The Basics
责任主编
Carrie Armsby, MD, MPH
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Pediatrics
- University of Massachusetts School of Medicine
Elinor L Baron, MD, DTMH
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine
Vanessa A Barss, MD, FACOG
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health
- Associate Clinical Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
- Harvard Medical School
Allyson Bloom, MD
- Director, Editorial Training — UpToDate
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Milana Bogorodskaya, MD
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Physician
- AllinaHealth
Sheila Bond, MD
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Alana Chakrabarti, MD
- Deputy Editor — Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health
Wenliang Chen, MD, PhD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — General Surgery
Kathryn A Collins, MD, PhD, FACS
- Deputy Editor — General Surgery
Rebecca F Connor, MD
- Director, Editorial Quality — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Hematology
Rosamaria Corona, MD, DSc
- Deputy Editor — Dermatology
Kelly Crowley
- Director, Patient Education Content – UpToDate
Marianna Crowley, MD
- Deputy Editor — Anesthesiology
- Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
- Harvard Medical School
Monica Ramirez Curtis, MD, MPH
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Rheumatology
- Instructor of Medicine, Part-time
- Harvard Medical School
Todd F Dardas, MD, MS
- Deputy Editor — Cardiology
- Clinical Associate Professor
- University of Washington
John F Dashe, MD, PhD
- Deputy Editor — Neurology
- Assistant Professor of Neurology
- Boston University School of Medicine
Kristen Eckler, MD, FACOG
- Deputy Editor — Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health
- Lecturer, Massachusetts General Hospital
April F Eichler, MD, MPH
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Neurology and Sleep Medicine
- Assistant Professor of Neurology
- Harvard Medical School
Anna M Feldweg, MD
- Director, Editorial Management — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Allergy and Immunology
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Part-time
- Harvard Medical School
Geraldine Finlay, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Associate Professor
- Tufts University School of Medicine
John P Forman, MD, MSc
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Nephrology
- Associate Physician, Division of Kidney Medicine
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Michael Friedman, MD
- Deputy Editor — Psychiatry
Jane Givens, MD, MSCE
- Deputy Editor — Primary Care (Adult)
Richard P Goddeau, Jr, DO, FAHA
- Deputy Editor — Neurology
- Associate Professor of Neurology
- University of Massachusetts Medical School
Jonathan Grayzel, MD, FAAEM
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Emergency Medicine (Adult and Pediatric)
- Deputy Editor — Primary Care Sports Medicine (Adolescents and Adults)
- Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine
- University of Massachusetts Medical School
Shilpa Grover, MD, MPH, AGAF
- Senior Deputy Editor — Gastroenterology/Hepatology
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Part-time
- Harvard Medical School
Keri K Hall, MD, MS
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
Helen Hollingsworth, MD
- Deputy Editor — Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- Boston University School of Medicine
Alison G Hoppin, MD
- Deputy Editor — UpToDate, Pediatrics
Melanie S Kim, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Pediatrics
- Boston University School of Medicine
Lisa Kunins, MD
- Deputy Editor — Primary Care (Adult)
Albert Q Lam, MD
- Deputy Editor — Nephrology
Kathryn A Martin, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Endocrinology and Patient Education
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Sylvia McKean, MD
- Deputy Editor — Editorial Projects
- Associate Professor
- Harvard Medical School
Jennifer Mitty, MD, MPH
- Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Jean E Mulder, MD
- Director of Editorial Projects — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Endocrinology and Diabetes
- Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Nancy A Nussmeier, MD, FAHA
- Deputy Editor — Anesthesiology
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine
- Massachusetts General Hospital
Abena O Ofori, MD
- Deputy Editor — Dermatology
- Clinical Associate, Dermatology
- Massachusetts General Hospital
Nisha Parikh, MD, MPH
- Deputy Editor — Cardiology
- Associate Professor, University of California, San Francisco
Kristen M Robson, MD, MBA, FACG
- Deputy Editor — Gastroenterology/Hepatology
- Assistant Professor
- Tufts University School of Medicine
Paul L Romain, MD
- Deputy Editor — Rheumatology
- Corresponding Member of the Faculty of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Alan G Rosmarin, MD
- Deputy Editor — Hematology
- Professor of Medicine
- University of Massachusetts Medical School
Diane MF Savarese, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Oncology and Palliative Care
- Clinical Instructor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Sonali Shah, MD
- Deputy Editor — Oncology
- Medical Oncologist and Hematologist
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
H Nancy Sokol, MD
- Co-Director of Editorial Projects — UpToDate
David Solomon, MD
- Deputy Editor — Psychiatry
- Clinical Associate Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
- Brown University School of Medicine
Alyssa Sterling, PharmD, BCPS
- Senior Content Management Consultant — Drug Information
Elizabeth TePas, MD, MS
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Allergy and Immunology
- Deputy Editor — Pediatrics
- Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Jennifer S Tirnauer, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Hematology
Mary M Torchia, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Pediatrics
Anne C Travis, MD, MSc, FACG, AGAF
- Deputy Editor — Gastroenterology/Hepatology
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Part-time
- Harvard Medical School
Sadhna R Vora, MD
- Senior Physician Editor — UpToDate
- Physician Editor — Oncology
- Instructor in Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
James F Wiley, II, MD, MPH
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Adult and Pediatric Emergency Medicine
- Deputy Editor — Primary Care Sports Medicine (Adolescents and Adults)
- Clinical Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine/Traumatology
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine
Janet L Wilterdink, MD
- Director, Evidence-Based Medicine — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Neurology
- Clinical Associate Professor
- Brown University School of Medicine
Susan B Yeon, MD, JD, FACC
- Deputy Editor — Cardiovascular Medicine
Jonathan M Zand, PharmD BCPS
- Senior Associate Editor – Drug Information
Authors
Samantha Moyer, BA
- Development Editor — UpToDate
Authors
Abhishek Abhishek, MBBS, MD, FRCP, PhD
- Professor of Rheumatology
- School of Medicine
- University of Nottingham, UK
-
- Honorary Consultant Rheumatologist
- Queen's Medical Centre
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
- Nottingham, UK
Diane Abraczinskas, MD
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Mary A Albrecht, MD
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Harrison Alter, MD, MS, FACEP
- Attending Physician
- Highland Hospital – Alameda Health System, Oakland, California
- Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine
- University of California, San Francisco
Bradley D Anawalt, MD
- Chief of Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center
- Professor and Vice Chair of Medicine
- University of Washington
Donna L Arand, PhD
- Research Associate Professor
- Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine
Aydin Arici, MD
- Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
- Yale University School of Medicine
Stephanie J Arnold, FACD, MBBS (Hons), BSc (Hons)
- Consultant Dermatologist
- Churchill Hospital Department of Dermatology, Oxford
Julian M Aroesty, MD
- Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Mark D Aronson, MD
- Editor-in-Chief — Primary Care (Adult); Hospital Medicine
- Section Editor — General Medicine
- Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Sawsan As-Sanie, MD, MPH
- Associate Professor, Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Co-Director, Gynecology
- Director, Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery and Fellowship
- Director, Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain Consultative Clinic
- University of Michigan
Ehab Atallah, MD
- Professor of Medicine
- Division of Hematology/Oncology
- Medical College of Wisconsin and Froedtert Hospital
Michael B Atkins, MD
- Section Editor — Malignant Melanoma and Other Cutaneous Neoplasms; Cancer of the Kidney
- Deputy Director
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center
Michael Auerbach, MD, FACP
- Clinical Professor of Medicine
- Georgetown University School of Medicine
Marilyn Augustyn, MD
- Section Editor — Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics
- Associate Professor
- Boston University School of Medicine
Paul G Auwaerter, MD, MBA, FIDSA
- Sherrilyn and Ken Fisher Professor of Medicine
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Ehsan Azadani, DDS, MS
- Assistant Professor
- The Ohio State University | Nationwide Children's Hospital
Gloria Bachmann, MD, MMS
- Professor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
Bruce R Bacon, MD
- Emeritus Professor of Internal Medicine
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine
Larry M Baddour, MD, FIDSA, FAHA
- Professor Emeritus of Medicine
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Alan N Baer, MD, MACR
- Professor of Medicine
- Director, Jerome L. Greene Sjögren's Syndrome Center
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Carol J Baker, MD
- Professor of Pediatrics,
- McGovern Medical School
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
Joshua F Baker, MD, MSCE
- Assistant Professor of Rheumatology and Epidemiology
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center
- University of Pennsylvania
George L Bakris, MD
- Editor-in-Chief — Nephrology
- Section Editor — Hypertension
- Professor of Medicine
- The University of Chicago
Kimberly Ballard Matlock, MD
- Cook Children's Health Care System
- Fort Worth, Texas
Robert L Barbieri, MD
- Editor-in-Chief — Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health
- Section Editor — General Gynecology and Female Reproductive Endocrinology
- BWH Chair Emeritus, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Kate Macy Ladd Distinguished Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
- Harvard Medical School
Vanessa A Barss, MD, FACOG
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health
- Associate Clinical Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
- Harvard Medical School
Jan Basile, MD
- Professor of Medicine
- Medical University of South Carolina
- Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Laurence S Baskin, MD, FAAP
- Section Editor — Pediatric Urology
- Frank Hinman, Jr, MD, Distinguished Professorship in Pediatric Urology
- Chief Pediatric Urology
- Professor of Urology and Pediatrics
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital
Tracy Batchelor, MD, MPH
- Miriam Sydney Joseph Professor of Neurology
- Harvard Medical School
Carol K Bates, MD
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
Richard H Beigi, MD, MSc
- Professor of Reproductive Sciences
- UPMC Magee Womens Hospital
David Benditt, MD