老年病学

主编


Kenneth E Schmader, MD

  • Editor in Chief — Geriatric Medicine
  • Section Editor — Geriatrics
  • Chief, Division of Geriatrics
  • Duke University
  • Director, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center
  • Durham VA Medical Centers

责任主编


Jane Givens, MD, MSCE

  • Deputy Editor — Primary Care (Adult)

Lisa Kunins, MD

  • Deputy Editor — Primary Care (Adult)

副主编


Kenneth E Schmader, MD

  • Editor in Chief — Geriatric Medicine
  • Section Editor — Geriatrics
  • Chief, Division of Geriatrics
  • Duke University
  • Director, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center
  • Durham VA Medical Centers

Authors


Ava Garcia, BA

  • Content Editor — UpToDate

Authors


Evan Adelstein, MD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Department of Cardiology
  • Albany Medical College
  • Albany, NY

Kathryn Agarwal, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Baylor College of Medicine

Marc Agronin, MD

  • Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Neurology
  • University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

Mary A Albrecht, MD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Gabriel S Aldea, MD

  • Section Editor — Cardiac Surgery
  • Professor of Surgery
  • University of Washington

Michael Alexander, MD

  • Professor of Neurology
  • Harvard Medical School

Larry Allen, MD, MHS, FACC, FAHA, FHFSA

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Medical Director, Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation
  • University of Colorado School of Medicine

Sonia Ancoli-Israel, PhD

  • Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, Professor of Research
  • University of California San Diego School of Medicine

Julian M Aroesty, MD

  • Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Vineet Arora, MD, MAPP

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Chicago

Jorge G Arroyo, MD, MPH

  • Associate Professor of Ophthalmology
  • Retina Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Maryam Asgari, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Dermatology
  • Harvard Medical School

Jon C Aster, MD, PhD

  • Professor of Pathology
  • Harvard Medical School

Antoine Azar, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
  • Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Gloria Bachmann, MD, MMS

  • Professor
  • Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
  • Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School

Larry M Baddour, MD, FIDSA, FAHA

  • Professor Emeritus of Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

Zuhair K Ballas, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Iowa and Iowa City VA

Sheila Barnett, MD

  • Associate Professor of Anesthesia
  • Harvard Medical School

Jason JS Barton, MD, PhD, FRCPC

  • Professor and Canada Research Chair
  • Medicine (Neurology), Ophthalmology, and Visual Sciences
  • The University of British Columbia

Tracy Batchelor, MD, MPH

  • Miriam Sydney Joseph Professor of Neurology
  • Harvard Medical School

Noleen Bennett, PhD, MPH

  • Associate Professor
  • Infection Control Consultant
  • VICNISS Coordinating Centre/National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship
  • Peter Doherty Institute for Infections and Immunity
  • Melbourne School of Health Sciences
  • The University of Melbourne

Elie Berbari, MD, FIDSA

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

Jonathan S Berek, MD, MMS

  • Laurie Kraus Lacob Professor
  • Stanford University School of Medicine
  • Fellow, Stanford Distinguished Careers Institute
  • Director, Stanford Women's Cancer Center
  • Senior Advisor, Stanford Cancer Institute

Dan Berlowitz, MD, MPH

  • Professor
  • University of Massachusetts-Lowell Department of Public Health

Brian Berman, MD, PhD

  • Professor Emeritus, Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery
  • University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

Jeffrey S Berns, MD

  • Editor-in-Chief — Nephrology
  • Section Editor — Dialysis
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

Neal Bhatia, MD

  • Director of Clinical Dermatology
  • Therapeutics Clinical Research

John D Bisognano, MD, PhD

  • Professor of Medicine and Cardiology
  • University of Michigan Medical Center

Nikolas H Blevins, MD

  • Associate Professor
  • Stanford University Medical Center

Sharon L Bober, PhD

  • Associate Professor of Psychiatry
  • Harvard Medical School

Barry A Borlaug, MD

  • Section Editor — Heart Failure
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

Cynthia M Boyd, MD, MPH

  • Professor
  • Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology
  • Johns Hopkins Department of Medicine

William T Branch, Jr, MD

  • Carter Smith Senior Professor of Medicine
  • Emory University School of Medicine

Jeffrey A Breall, MD, PhD

  • Professor of Clinical Medicine
  • Indiana University School of Medicine

Stephen JD Brecker, MD, FRCP, FESC, FACC

  • Section Editor — Valvular and Aortic Disease
  • Consultant Cardiologist & Professor of Cardiology
  • St. George's Hospital & St. George’s University of London

William Breitbart, MD

  • Professor of Clinical Psychiatry
  • Weill Medical College of Cornell University
  • Chairman
  • Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
  • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Daniel C Brennan, MD, FACP

  • Editor-in-Chief — Nephrology
  • Section Editor — Kidney Transplantation
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Medical Director and Co-Director of the Comprehensive Transplant Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology
  • Johns Hopkins Medical School

Calvin A Brown, III, MD, FAAEM

  • Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Eduardo Bruera, MD

  • Section Editor — Non Pain Symptoms: Assessment and Management
  • Professor of Oncology
  • University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center at Houston

Stephanie S Buss, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Neurology
  • Harvard Medical School

Steven C Campbell, MD, PhD

  • Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute
  • Cleveland Clinic

Louis R Caplan, MD

  • Professor of Neurology
  • Harvard Medical School

Karen J Carlson, MD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

David Carr, MD

  • Professor of Medicine and Neurology
  • Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis

Michael Cary, PhD, RN

  • Associate Professor of Nursing
  • Duke University

Julia F Charles, MD, PhD

  • Associate Physician
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital
  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Antonia F Chen, MD, MBA

  • Director of Research, Arthroplasty Services
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital
  • Associate Professor
  • Harvard Medical School

Lee-may Chen, MD

  • Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences
  • Division of Gynecologic Oncology
  • UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center

Peijun Chen, MD, MPH, PhD

  • Associate Professor of Psychiatry
  • Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
  • Staff Geriatric Psychiatrist, VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System Cleveland VA Medical Center

Kelvin L Chou, MD

  • Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery
  • University of Michigan Medical School

Toni K Choueiri, MD

  • Director, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology
  • Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

April Christensen, MD, MS

  • Mayo Clinic

Jayer Chung, MD, MSc

  • Assistant Professor
  • Baylor College of Medicine

J Quentin Clemens, MD, FACS, MSCI

  • Professor of Urology
  • Director, Division of Neurourology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery
  • University of Michigan Medical Center

Harvey Jay Cohen, MD

  • Director, Center for the Study of Aging
  • Walter Kempner Professor of Medicine
  • Chair Emeritus, Department of Medicine
  • Duke University

Cathleen Colon-Emeric, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Duke University Medical Center

Wilson S Colucci, MD

  • Section Editor — Heart Failure
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Boston University School of Medicine

Christopher Colwell, MD

  • Chief of Emergency Medicine
  • Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center
  • Professor and Vice-Chair, Department of Emergency Medicine
  • University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine

Craig V Comiter, MD

  • Professor of Urology, Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Stanford University School of Medicine

Stephanie Cooper, MD

  • Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • University of Washington

Mark A Creager, MD, FAHA, FACC, MSVM

  • Section Editor — Vascular Medicine
  • Director, Heart and Vascular Center
  • Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
  • Anna Gundlach Huber Professor of Medicine
  • Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth

Marita Cross, PhD

  • Research Fellow
  • University of Sydney Institute of Bone and Joint Research

Marianna Crowley, MD

  • Deputy Editor — Anesthesiology
  • Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
  • Harvard Medical School

Brett L Cucchiara, MD

  • Associate Professor of Neurology
  • University of Pennsylvania Medical Center

Larry Culpepper, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Family Medicine
  • Boston University School of Medicine

Miles Dalby, MD, FRCP, FESC

  • Consultant Cardiologist
  • Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust
  • Senior Lecturer
  • Imperial College, London

Adam de Havenon, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Neurology
  • University of Utah

Prakash C Deedwania, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of California San Francisco School of Medicine

Mark E Deffebach, MD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Oregon Health and Science University
  • Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Linda M Delahanty, MS, RD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Anthony DeSantis, MD

  • Clinical Professor of Medicine
  • University of Washington Medical School

Rony Dev, DO

  • Assistant Professor
  • University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Leticia Alle Deveza, MD, PhD

  • Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital
  • Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Sydney Medical School
  • Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney

Anna L Dickerman, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Psychiatry
  • Weill Medical College of Cornell University

Bradford C Dickerson, MD

  • Associate Professor of Neurology
  • Harvard Medical School

Christoph F Dietrich, MD, MBA

  • Professor of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University
  • Frankfurt & Kliniken Hirslanden Beau Site, Salem und Permancence

Ellen D Dillavou, MD

  • Section Editor — Arterial and Venous Access
  • Division Chief of Vascular Surgery for Wake Med Hospitals
  • Raleigh, North Carolina

Elizabeth A Dinces, MD

  • Associate Professor of Clinical Otolaryngology
  • Albert Einstein College of Medicine

William P Docken, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Chyke Doubeni, MD, FRCS, MPH

  • Professor of Family Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science

Marc K Drezner, MD

  • Section Editor — Bone Disease
  • Professor Emeritus
  • Senior Associate Dean Emeritus
  • University of Wisconsin Medical School

Shannon M Dunlay, MD, MS

  • Associate Professor of Health Services Research and Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

Marc Dweck, MD, PhD

  • Consultant Cardiologist and Professor of Clinical Cardiology
  • University of Edinburgh

Kim A Eagle, MD, MACC

  • Albion Walter Hewlett Professor of Internal Medicine
  • University of Michigan

Brent M Egan, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Greenville
  • VP Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Improving Health Outcomes, American Medical Association

Joann G Elmore, MD, MPH

  • Editor-in-Chief — Primary Care (Adult)
  • Section Editor — General Medicine
  • Professor of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Greg A Erens, MD

  • Assistant Professor
  • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Emory University School of Medicine

Randall T Espinoza, MD, MPH

  • Clinical Professor of Psychiatry
  • University of California, Los Angeles

Arthur T Evans, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Medicine
  • NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
  • Weill Cornell Medicine

Kathleen M Fairfield, MD, DrPH

  • Associate Chair, Department of Medicine
  • Maine Medical Center
  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Tufts University School of Medicine

Jeanne Farnan, MD, MHPE

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Chicago

Tola B Fashokun, MD, FACOG

  • Clinical Instructor, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
  • Faculty Attending, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Program

Sara B Fazio, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Steven H Feinsilver, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell

Thomas Fekete, MD

  • Professor of Medicine and Microbiology
  • Temple University School of Medicine

Eva L Feldman, MD, PhD

  • Professor of Neurology
  • University of Michigan Medical Center

Sarah Feldman, MD, MPH

  • Associate Professor
  • Harvard Medical School

Betty Ferrell, PhD, MA, FAAN, FPCN

  • Director and Professor, Division of Nursing Research and Education
  • City of Hope Medical Center

Joel S Finkelstein, MD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

R Warne Fitch, MD

  • Associate Professor Orthopedics
  • Associate Professor Emergency Medicine
  • Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Katherine Walker Foster, MD

  • Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine

Joseph Francis, Jr, MD, MPH

  • Executive Director, Analytics and Performance Integration
  • Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC

Arnold S Freedman, MD

  • Section Editor — Lymphoproliferative Disorders
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Rosario V Freeman, MD, MS

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Washington

Jonathan W Friedberg, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • James P Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester

Erik K Fromme, MD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
  • Associate Physician at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute

Karen L Furie, MD, MPH

  • Chair and Professor of Neurology
  • Alpert Medical School of Brown University

William H Gaasch, MD

  • Section Editor — Valvular Disease
  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Massachusetts Medical School
  • Tufts University School of Medicine
  • Senior Consultant in Cardiology
  • Lahey Clinic

Angelo L Gaffo, MD, MsPH

  • Rheumatology Section Chief
  • Birmingham VA Medical Center
  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham

Marissa C Galicia-Castillo, MD, MSEd, CMD, FACP

  • Sue Faulkner Scribner Professor of Geriatrics
  • Eastern Virginia Medical School
  • Medical Director, Palliative Medicine
  • Sentara Norfolk General Hospital

Leonard I Ganz, MD, FHRS, FACC

  • Section Editor — Cardiac Arrhythmias
  • Director of Cardiac Electrophysiology
  • Heritage Valley Health System

Alan C Geller, RN, MPH

  • Senior Lecturer
  • Social and Behavioral Sciences
  • Harvard School of Public Health

Bernard J Gersh, MB, ChB, DPhil, FRCP, MACC

  • Editor-in-Chief — Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Section Editor — Coronary Heart Disease; Myopericardial Disease
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

Jane Givens, MD, MSCE

  • Deputy Editor — Primary Care (Adult)

Richard J Glassock, MD, MACP

  • Editor-in-Chief — Nephrology
  • Section Editor — Glomerular Diseases
  • Emeritus Professor
  • The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Adam O Goldstein, MD, MPH

  • Professor
  • Department of Family Medicine
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Annekathryn Goodman, MD, MPH, MS

  • Professor
  • Obstetrics, Gynecology, Reproductive Biology
  • Harvard Medical School
  • Division of Gynecologic Oncology
  • Massachusetts General Hospital
  • MGH Global Disaster Response

Peter D Gorevic, MD

  • Professor of Medicine, Rheumatology
  • Mount Sinai School of Medicine

Meredith Greene, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • University of California San Francisco

Kalpana Gupta, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Boston University School of Medicine
  • Chief, Infectious Diseases
  • Boston VA HCS

Renuka Gupta, MD, FHM, FACP

  • Assistant Professor
  • NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
  • Weill Cornell Medicine

Hope K Haefner, MD

  • Harold A. Furlong Professor of Women's Health
  • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Michigan Medicine

John M Halphen, JD, MD

  • Associate Professor of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine
  • The University of Texas' TEAM Institute at Houston

George Handzo, BCC, CSSBB

  • Director of Health Services Research & Quality
  • HealthCare Chaplaincy, New York, NY

Ian Harris, AM, MBBS, MMed(Clin Epi), PhD

  • Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Sydney
  • Professor, Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney
  • Director, Whitlam Orthopaedic Research Centre, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research

Rodney A Hayward, MD

  • Professor of Medicine and Public Health
  • University of Michigan

Mitchell T Heflin, MD, MHS

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Duke University School of Medicine

Lloyd A Hey, MD, MS

  • Associate Professor, Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine
  • Associate Professor, North Carolina State University, Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering

Patricia L Hibberd, MD, PhD

  • Chair, Department of Global Health
  • Boston University School of Public Health

Helen Hoenig, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Medicine/Geriatrics
  • Duke University School of Medicine
  • Chief - Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service
  • Durham VA Medical Center

Richard M Hoffman, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine

Thomas M Hooton, MD

  • Voluntary Professor of Medicine
  • University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

Leora Horwitz, MD, MHS

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • New York University School of Medicine

Linda Humphrey, MD

  • Professor of Medicine and Public Health and Preventive Medicine
  • Oregon Health and Science University
  • Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Silvio E Inzucchi, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Yale University School of Medicine

Vicki A Jackson, MD, MPH

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Deborah S Jacobs, MD

  • Section Editor — Ophthalmology
  • Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Part-Time
  • Harvard Medical School

J Eric Jelovsek, MD, MMEd, MSDS, FACOG

  • Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Duke University

Jeffrey Jim, MD, MPHS, FACS

  • Chair, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
  • Minneapolis Heart Institute at Abbott Northwestern Hospital

Theodore M Johnson II, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Medicine, Nursing, Family Medicine, and Epidemiology
  • Associate Professor of Urology
  • Emory University
  • Investigator, US Department of Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Birmingham/Atlanta

Cecilia Matilda Jude, MD

  • Clinical Professor of Radiology
  • David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Lowell S Kabnick, MD, RPhS, FACS, FACPh

  • Director of Clinical Operations
  • United Vein And Vascular Centers

Deborah M Kado, MD, MS

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Section Co-Chief, Geriatric Medicine
  • Primary Care & Population Health
  • Stanford University School of Medicine
  • Director, VA Fellowship in Advanced Geriatrics, VA Palo Alto GRECC

Joseph P Kannam, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Horacio Kaufmann, MD

  • Professor of Neurology and Medicine
  • New York University School of Medicine

C. Dirk Keene, MD, PhD

  • Associate Professor of Pathology
  • Neuropathology Adjunct Associate Professor of Ophthalmology
  • University of Washington

Charles Kellner, MD

  • Professor (Adjunct)
  • Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
  • Medical University of South Carolina
  • Charleston, SC

Harold L Kennedy, MD, MPH

  • Adjunctive Professor of Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases
  • University of Missouri School of Medicine

Kimberly Kenton, MD, MS, FACOG, FACS

  • Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Chief, Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery
  • Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine
  • Chicago, IL

Douglas P Kiel, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School
  • Director Musculoskeletal Research Center
  • Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife

Gretchen Kimmick, MD, MS

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Duke University Medical Center

Heidi D Klepin, MD, MS

  • Professor of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology
  • Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center

Sarah Kohnstamm, MD

  • Clinical Assistant Professor
  • Department of Internal Medicine
  • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
  • University of Michigan

Harlan Krumholz, MD

  • Harold H. Hines Jr. Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) and Professor of Investigative Medicine and of Public Health (Health Policy)
  • Yale School of Medicine

Lewis H Kuller, MD, DrPH

  • Professor Emeritus, Department of Epidemiology
  • Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh

Kapil Kumar, MD

  • Clinical Instructor in Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Lisa Kunins, MD

  • Deputy Editor — Primary Care (Adult)

Maryjoan D Ladden, PhD, RN, FAAN

Ruth L Lagman, MD, MPH, FACP, FAAHPM

  • The Harry R. Horvitz Center for Palliative Medicine and Supportive Oncology
  • Taussig Cancer Institute
  • Cleveland Clinic

Paul H Lange, MD, FACS

  • Professor Emeritus
  • Department of Urology
  • School of Medicine
  • University of Washington

Eric B Larson, MD, MPH

  • Executive Director
  • Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute
  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Washington School of Medicine

Richard A Larson, MD

  • Editor-in-Chief — Hematology
  • Section Editor — Leukemia
  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine

Caitlin S Latimer, MD, PhD

  • Acting Instructor in Neuropathology
  • University of Washington Medical Center

Jacob P Laubach, MD, MPP

  • Assistant Professor, Harvard Medical School
  • Senior Physician, Dana Farber Cancer Institute

Christoph I Lee, MD, MS

  • Professor of Radiology
  • University of Washington School of Medicine

Sei Lee, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of California, San Francisco

Suzee E Lee, MD

  • Associate Professor of Neurology
  • UCSF Memory and Aging Center

Richard E Leiter, MD, MA

  • Attending Physician
  • Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care
  • Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
  • Instructor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Anthony J Lembo, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Susan D Leonard, MD

  • Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Geriatric Medicine
  • UCLA Department of Medicine

Seth P Lerner, MD

  • Section Editor — Bladder Cancer
  • Beth and Dave Swalm Chair in Urologic Oncology
  • Professor of Urology
  • Baylor College of Medicine

Myron J Levin, MD

  • Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics
  • University of Colorado
  • Anschutz Medical Campus

E Michael Lewiecki, MD

  • Director
  • New Mexico Clinical Research & Osteoporosis Center

Stuart M Lichtman, MD

  • Attending Physician
  • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Jean Lee Lim, MD

  • Department of Dermatology
  • Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Santa Rosa, CA

Mark S Link, MD

  • Section Editor — Cardiac Arrhythmias
  • Professor of Medicine
  • UT Southwestern Medical Center

Gregory YH Lip, MD, FRCPE, FESC, FACC

  • Price-Evans Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
  • Distinguished Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
  • Adjunct Professor, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  • Adjunct Professor, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

Giovanni Lodi, DDS, PhD

  • Associate Professor
  • Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences
  • University of Milan, Italy

Richard F Loeser, MD

  • Joseph P Archie, Jr Eminent Professor
  • Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology
  • Director, Thurston Arthritis Research Center
  • The University of North Carolina

Yair Lotan, MD

  • Professor
  • Department of Urology
  • UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

Emily S Lukacz, MD, MAS

  • Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
  • UC San Diego Health

Beatrice Lupsa, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Yale University School of Medicine

Lisa A Mandl, MD, MPH

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Weill Cornell Medical College

Warren J Manning, MD

  • Section Editor — Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging and Stress Testing
  • Professor of Medicine and Radiology
  • Harvard Medical School

Stavros C Manolagas, MD, PhD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Lyn March, AM, MD, PhD

  • Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology
  • University of Sydney Institute of Bone and Joint Research

Lynette J Margesson, MD, FRCPC, FAAD

  • Assistant Professor of Dermatology and Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth

Joseph E Marine, MD, FACC, FHRS

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Vice-Director, Division of Cardiology
  • Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Gregory M Martin, MD

  • Medical Director, Orthopedic Institute at JFK Medical Center
  • Preferred Orthopedics of the Palm Beaches

Barbara M Mathes, MD, FACP, FAAD

  • Clinical Associate, Dermatology
  • University of Pennsylvania

Melissa Mattison, MD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Mara McAdams DeMarco, PhD

  • Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Surgery
  • Johns Hopkins University

Elizabeth McCormick, MD

  • Director of Home-Based Medical Care
  • Cityblock Health

Nikolaus McFarland, MD, PhD

  • Associate Professor of Neurology & Chief, Movement Disorders Division
  • Department of Neurology, University of Florida

Kevin T McVary, MD, FACS

  • Director of the Center for Male Health
  • Professor of Urology
  • Department of Urology
  • Stritch School of Medicine
  • Loyola University Medical Center

Robert T Means, Jr, MD, MACP

  • Section Editor — Red Cell Disorders
  • Professor of Internal Medicine
  • James H Quillen College of Medicine
  • East Tennessee State University

C Crawford Mechem, MD, FACEP

  • Professor of Emergency Medicine
  • Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania

Diane E Meier, MD, FACP

  • Director, Center to Advance Palliative Care
  • Director, Hertzberg Palliative Care Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine
  • Professor, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine

Mario F Mendez, MD, PhD

  • Section Editor — Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology
  • Professor of Neurology
  • University of California, Los Angeles

Steven R Messé, MD

  • Associate Professor of Neurology
  • Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania

Fremonta L Meyer, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Psychiatry
  • Harvard Medical School

Shahzad I Mian, MD

  • Terry J. Bergstrom Professor, Associate Professor
  • W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
  • University of Michigan Medical School

Shahla Modarresi, MD

  • Clinical Professor of Radiology
  • David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Lona Mody, MD

  • Amanda Sanford Hickey Professor of Internal Medicine

Dania Mohty, MD, PhD

  • Consultant Cardiologist
  • Heart Center
  • King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center
  • Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Alfaisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • and
  • University of Limoges, France

Thomas J Montine, MD, PHD

  • Professor in Pathology
  • Stanford University

Miriam C Morey, PhD

  • Professor
  • Department of Medicine Co-Director
  • Older Americans Independence (Pepper) Center
  • Associate Research Director
  • Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center
  • Durham VA Medical Center

Daniel M Morgan, MD

  • Associate Professor
  • Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery
  • University of Michigan

R Sean Morrison, MD

  • Section Editor — Selected End Stage Conditions
  • Hermann Merkin Professor of Palliative Care
  • Mount Sinai School of Medicine

Michael T Mullen, MD

  • Associate Professor
  • Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University

Medha Munshi, MD

  • Director of Joslin Geriatric Diabetes Programs
  • Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Francesco Muratore, MD

  • Rheumatology Unit
  • Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale – IRCCS – di Reggio Emilia

Daniel M Musher, MD

  • Professor of Medicine, Professor of Molecular Virology and Microbiology
  • Baylor College of Medicine

Charles W Nager, MD

  • Professor
  • Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
  • UC San Diego

Ariel B Neikrug, PhD

  • Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
  • University of California, Irvine

Tuhina Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Boston University School of Medicine
  • Professor of Epidemiology
  • Boston University School of Public Health

Sharmilee Maria Nyenhuis, MD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine, Director of Adult Allergy/Asthma/Immunology Program
  • University of Illinois at Chicago

Tomasz R Okon, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

Jamary Oliveira-Filho, MD, MS, PhD

  • Jamary Oliveira-Filho, MD, MSc, PhD
  • Professor of Neurosciences
  • Federal University of Bahia, Brazil

Brian Olshansky, MD

  • Section Editor — Cardiac Arrhythmias
  • Adjunct Professor of Medicine
  • Des Moines University

Shirley Otis-Green, MSW, MA, LCSW, ACSW, OSW-C

  • Consultant
  • Collaborative Caring

Catherine M Otto, MD

  • Editor-in-Chief — Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Section Editor — Cardiac Evaluation; Valvular Disease
  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Washington

Joseph G Ouslander, MD

  • Professor of Geriatric Medicine
  • Senior Advisor to the Dean for Geriatrics
  • Schmidt College of Medicine
  • Florida Atlantic University

Cindy Owen, MD

  • Section Editor — Acne and Rosacea
  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • University of Louisville

Jose-Alberto Palma, MD, PhD

  • Associate Professor of Neurology
  • NYU School of Medicine

Vasileios Panoulas, MD, PhD, FESC, MRCP

  • Consultant interventional cardiologist,
  • Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust
  • Honorary Senior Lecturer, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London

Justin Paoloni, MBBS, BSc, PhD, MSpMed, FACSP

  • Associate Professor of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine
  • University of New South Wales

John K Park, MD, PhD

  • Professor of Clinical Neurological Surgery
  • Weill Cornell Medical College
  • Chief of Neurological Surgery
  • NewYork-Presbyterian Queens Hospital

Jeffrey F Peipert, MD, PhD

  • Clarence E. Ehrlich Professor and Chair
  • Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Indiana University School of Medicine

Fernando Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD

  • Associated Professor
  • University of the Basque Country Medicine and Nursing School

Robert Phang, MD, FACC, FHRS

  • Electrophysiologist
  • Albany Associates in Cardiology

Sorin Pislaru, MD, PhD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Department of Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Mayo Clinic

Philip J Podrid, MD, FACC

  • Professor of Medicine, Professor of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
  • Boston University School of Medicine
  • Lecturer, Harvard Medical School

Thaddeus M Pope, JD, PhD, HEC-C

  • Professor, Mitchell Hamline School of Law

Daniel Press, MD

  • Associate Professor in Neurology
  • Harvard Medical School

Christina M Puchalski, MD, MS, FACP, FAAHPM

  • Director and Professor
  • George Washington Institute for Spirituality and Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences
  • The George Washington University, Washington, DC

Kanti R Rai, MD

  • Professor of Medicine and Molecular Medicine
  • Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell

S Vincent Rajkumar, MD

  • Section Editor — Plasma Cell Disorders
  • Edward W and Betty Knight Scripps Professor of Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic

Satish SC Rao, MD, PhD, FRCP

  • Chief, Gastroenterology/Hepatology
  • Augusta University

Jhansi Reddy, MD, FACOG

  • Assistant Professor of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Weill Cornell Medicine

Guy S Reeder, MD

  • Section Editor — Coronary Disease
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Mayo Medical School

David B Reuben, MD

  • Director, Multicampus Program in Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology
  • Archstone Professor of Medicine
  • David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Michael J Richards, MD, FRACP

  • Director, Victorian Infectious Disease Service
  • Director, VICNISS Coordinating Centre for Surveillance of Healthcare-associated Infections
  • The Royal Melbourne Hospital

Christine Ritchie, MD, MSPH

  • Section Editor — Palliative Care
  • Ken Minaker Endowed Chair in Geriatric Medicine
  • Research Director, Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine
  • Massachusetts General Hospital Mongan Institute

Sarah Rubia Robbins, BPhty, PhD

  • Postdoctoral Associate
  • Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital
  • Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Sydney Medical School
  • Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney

Kristen M Robson, MD, MBA, FACG

  • Deputy Editor — Gastroenterology/Hepatology
  • Assistant Professor
  • Tufts University School of Medicine

Paula A Rochon, MD, MPH, FRCPC

  • Vice President, Research, Women's College Hospital
  • Professor, Department of Medicine
  • RTO/ERO Chair in Geriatric Medicine
  • University of Toronto, Canada

Robert L Rodnitzky, MD

  • Professor and Chairman Emeritus, Department of Neurology
  • University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine

Rebecca G Rogers, MD

  • Professor and Chair Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Albany Medical School

Michael Ronthal, MD

  • Professor of Neurology
  • Harvard Medical School

Clifford J Rosen, MD

  • Section Editor — Bone Disease
  • Professor of Nutrition
  • University of Maine
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Tufts University School of Medicine

Harold N Rosen, MD

  • Associate Professor in Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

James T Rosenbaum, MD

  • Chair Emeritus
  • Legacy Devers Eye Institute and Oregon Health & Science University

Ann K Rosenthal, MD, FACP

  • Will and Cava Ross Professor of Medicine
  • Medical College of Wisconsin

Douglas S Ross, MD

  • Section Editor — Thyroid Disease
  • Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Natalia S Rost, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Neurology
  • Harvard Medical School

Andrew D Rule, MD, MSc

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

Andrea M Russo, MD, FACC, FHRS

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Cooper Medical School of Rowan University

Samir Saba, MD

  • Chief of Cardiology
  • Co-Director, Heart and Vascular Institute
  • University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Rajiv Saini, MD

  • Clinical Instructor, Department of Urology
  • Downstate Medical College

Martha Sajatovic, MD

  • Professor of Psychiatry and Neurology
  • Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine

Carlo Salvarani, MD

  • Professor of Rheumatology
  • University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
  • Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale – IRCCS – di Reggio Emilia

Owen B Samuels, MD

  • Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery
  • Emory University

Hanna K Sanoff, MD, MPH

  • Associate Professor
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Richard J Santen, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Virginia Health Sciences Center

Jennifer Schreiber, MD

  • Georgetown University Hospital

Mikkael A Sekeres, MD, MS

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Chief, Division of Hematology
  • Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami

Elizabeth Selvin, PhD, MPH

  • Professor of Epidemiology and Medicine
  • Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Pearl H Seo, MD, MPH

  • Assistant Professor
  • Sylvester Cancer Center
  • University of Miami School of Medicine

Helen A Shih, MD, MS, MPH

  • Professor of Radiation Oncology
  • Harvard Medical School
  • Attending Radiation Oncologist
  • Massachusetts General Hospital

Tina Shih, MD

  • Clinical Professor of Neurology
  • University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine

Michael Simons, MD

  • Robert W Berliner Professor of Medicine
  • Yale University School of Medicine

Albert L Siu, MD, MSPH

  • Professor
  • Department of Geriatrics and Pallative Medicine
  • Mount Sinai School of Medicine

Gerald W Smetana, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Alexander Smith, MD

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • University of California, San Francisco

Eric Smith, MD

  • Professor of Neurology
  • University of Calgary

Peter J Snyder, MD

  • Editor-in-Chief — Endocrinology
  • Section Editor — Pituitary Disease; Male Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

Jacqueline Speed, MD

  • North Shore Physicians Group

David Spragg, MD, FHRS

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Johns Hopkins Hospital and Bayview Medical Center

Stephan Stilgenbauer, MD

  • Ärztlicher Direktor Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm (CCCU)
  • Leiter Early Clinical Trials Unit (ECTU) CCCU
  • Leiter Sektion CLL Klinik für Innere Medizin III

Richard M Stone, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Rhonda L Stuart, MBBS, FRACP, PhD

  • Infectious Diseases Physician, Medical Director Infection Control
  • Monash Health

Rakesh M Suri, MD, DPhil

  • Professor of Surgery
  • Cleveland Clinic

Martin I Surks, MD

  • Professor of Medicine and Pathology
  • Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Susan Swetter, MD

  • Professor of Dermatology
  • Director, Pigmented Lesion & Melanoma Program
  • Physician Leader, Cancer Care Program in Cutaneous Oncology
  • Stanford University Medical Center and Cancer Institute/
  • VA Palo Alto Health Care System

George E Taffet, MD

  • Professor in Medicine
  • Robert J Luchi MD Chair in Geriatric Medicine
  • Baylor College of Medicine

Jasmine Tan-Kim, MD

  • Voluntary Assistant Clinical Professor
  • Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
  • UC San Diego
  • Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery
  • Kaiser Permanente, San Diego

Raymond R Townsend, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Perelman School of Medicine
  • University of Pennsylvania

Jürgen Unützer, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Psychiatry
  • University of Washington

Ramachandran S Vasan, MD, DM, FACC

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Boston University School of Medicine

Carlos A Vaz Fragoso, MD

  • Associate Professor in Medicine (Geriatrics)
  • Yale University School of Medicine

Arnold Wald, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison

Ryan R Walsh, MD, PhD, FAAN

  • Associate Professor, Movement Disorders
  • Department of Neurology, Muhammad Ali Parkinson Center, Barrow Neurological Institute

Jeremy D Walston, MD

  • Raymond and Anna Lublin Professor of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology
  • Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Bill Walter, MBBS, FRACS, PhD

  • Professor
  • University of Sydney

Katherine T Ward, MD

  • Assistant Clinical Professor
  • Harbor-UCLA Medical Center

Peter C Weber, MD, FACS

  • Professor and Head, Department of Otolaryngology
  • University of Massachusetts Medical Center

Debra K Weiner, MD, FACP

  • Professor of Medicine, Psychiatry, Anesthesiology, and Clinical & Translational Science
  • University of Pittsburgh
  • Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center
  • VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System

Patrick Y Wen, MD

  • Section Editor — Neurooncology
  • Professor of Neurology
  • Harvard Medical School

Deborah J Wexler, MD, MSc

  • Associate Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School
  • Clinical Director
  • MGH Diabetes Center

Heather E Whitson, MD, MHS

  • Professor of Medicine and Ophthalmology
  • Division of Geriatrics
  • Duke University Medical Center

Hans Wildiers, MD, PhD

  • Department of General Medical Oncology
  • University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
  • Multidisciplinary Breast Center
  • University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium

Peter WF Wilson, MD

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Emory University School of Medicine

David A Wolk, MD

  • Professor of Neurology
  • Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania

Melisa L Wong, MD, MAS

  • Assistant Professor
  • Division of Hematology/Oncology
  • University of California, San Francisco
  • Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center

Clinton B Wright, MD, MS

  • Director, Division of Clinical Research
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health

Jonathan L Wright, MD, MS

  • Associate Professor
  • Department of Urology
  • University of Washington School of Medicine
  • Affiliate Investigator
  • Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

Peggy A Wu, MD

  • Associate Professor of Dermatology
  • University of California, Davis

Gil Yosipovitch, MD

  • Department of Dermatology
  • University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine

G Bryan Young, MD, FRCPC

  • Professor of Neurology
  • University of Western Ontario, Canada

William F Young, Jr, MD, MSc

  • Professor of Medicine
  • Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

Elaine W Yu, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Michi Yukawa, MD, MPH

  • Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
  • Medical Director of San Francisco Jewish Home Acute Rehabilitation Unit

Mark Yurkofsky, MD

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine
  • Harvard Medical School

Ken Zafren, MD, FAAEM, FACEP, FAWM

  • Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine
  • Stanford University Medical Center
  • Former Emergency Programs Medical Director, State of Alaska

Peer Reviewers


Kenneth E Schmader, MD

  • Editor in Chief — Geriatric Medicine
  • Section Editor — Geriatrics
  • Chief, Division of Geriatrics
  • Duke University
  • Director, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center
  • Durham VA Medical Centers